Chapter-7: Official Statistics: Structure and Activities of Key Organizations in India

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Official statistics play a crucial role in providing reliable data for policymaking, planning, and administration. This chapter covers the structure and activities of major organizations responsible for official statistics in India, including the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Central Statistics Office (CSO), Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCI&S), Labour Bureau, and Agricultural Statistics. Examples relevant to India will be used for illustration. 

 

 1. National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

 

Structure:

 The NSSO operates under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI).

 It is divided into four divisions: Survey Design and Research Division (SDRD), Field Operations Division (FOD), Data Processing Division (DPD), and Coordination & Publication Division (CPD).

 

Activities:

 Survey Design and Research Division (SDRD): Responsible for designing surveys and conducting research on survey methodologies.

 Field Operations Division (FOD): Conducts fieldwork for surveys across the country.

 Data Processing Division (DPD): Processes the data collected from surveys.

 Coordination & Publication Division (CPD): Coordinates the activities of various divisions and publishes survey results.

 

Example:

 The NSSO conducts largescale surveys on employment, consumer expenditure, and health, providing crucial data for policymaking.

 

 2. Central Statistics Office (CSO)

 

Structure:

 The CSO is also under the MOSPI.

 It has various divisions, including the National Accounts Division, Social Statistics Division, and Economic Statistics Division.

 

Activities:

 National Accounts Division: Prepares the National Accounts Statistics, including GDP estimates.

 Social Statistics Division: Collects and publishes data on social indicators like education and health.

 Economic Statistics Division: Collects and disseminates data on various economic indicators.

 

Example:

 The CSO publishes the annual Economic Survey of India, which provides an overview of the economic development of the country. 

 

 3. Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCI&S)

 

Structure:

 The DGCI&S operates under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

 It has regional offices in major cities across India.

 

Activities:

 Trade Statistics: Collects, compiles, and publishes data on India's foreign trade.

 Commercial Intelligence: Provides insights into commercial activities to aid in policymaking and business decisions.

 Market Analysis: Analyzes market trends and trade patterns.

 

Example:

 The DGCI&S publishes the monthly Foreign Trade Statistics of India, providing detailed data on imports and exports.

 

 4. Labour Bureau

 

Structure:

 The Labour Bureau is under the Ministry of Labour and Employment.

 It has headquarters in Chandigarh and Shimla, with regional offices across the country.

 

Activities:

 Employment Surveys: Conducts surveys on employment and unemployment.

 Wage Studies: Collects data on wages and working conditions.

 Consumer Price Index: Compiles the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for industrial workers, agricultural workers, and rural labourers.

 

Example:

 The Labour Bureau's annual EmploymentUnemployment Survey provides crucial data for understanding the labour market in India. 

 

 5. Agricultural Statistics

 

Structure:

 The agricultural statistics system is coordinated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare.

 It involves various agencies, including the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES) and the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO).

 

Activities:

 Crop Production Estimates: Collects and publishes data on crop production and yields.

 Land Use Statistics: Compiles data on land use patterns and irrigation.

 Agricultural Surveys: Conducts surveys on agricultural practices and input usage.

 

Example:

 The DES publishes the Agricultural Statistics at a Glance, providing comprehensive data on agriculture in India. 

 

 6. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI)

 

Structure:

 MOSPI oversees the functioning of NSSO and CSO.

 It has various divisions responsible for different statistical activities.

 

Activities:

 National Data Sharing and Accessibility Policy (NDSAP): Facilitates data sharing and accessibility.

 Statistical Training: Provides training to statistical personnel.

 Coordination of Statistical Activities: Coordinates statistical activities across different government departments.

 

Example:

 MOSPI's publication "Statistical Year Book India" provides a comprehensive statistical overview of the country's socioeconomic condition. 

 

 Illustrations with Examples

 

1. NSSO Survey:

    The NSSO's Employment and Unemployment Survey provides data on the labour force participation rate in rural and urban areas of India.

 

2. CSO National Accounts:

    The CSO's GDP estimates are used to analyze the economic growth of India.

 

3. DGCI&S Trade Data:

    DGCI&S's monthly report on India's exports and imports helps businesses and policymakers understand trade dynamics.

 

4. Labour Bureau Wage Study:

    The Labour Bureau's wage rate data is crucial for setting minimum wage policies in India.

 

5. Agricultural Statistics:

    The Agricultural Statistics at a Glance report provides data on the production of major crops like wheat, rice, and pulses. 

 

 References 

1. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI)  [mospi.gov.in](http://mospi.gov.in)

2. National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) Reports

3. Central Statistics Office (CSO) Publications

4. Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCI&S)  [dgciskol.gov.in](http://dgciskol.gov.in)

5. Labour Bureau  [labourbureau.gov.in](http://labourbureau.gov.in)

6. Agricultural Statistics Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare  [agricoop.nic.in](http://agricoop.nic.in)

7. Government of India Census Reports

8. "Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques" by C.R. Kothari

9. "Statistics for Management" by Richard I. Levin and David S. Rubin

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