WBBSE: MADHYAMIK 2023 : HISTORY Solved Paper
WBBSE
Madhyamik Pariksha, 2023
HISTORY
Solved Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
1. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER: 1 x 20 = 20
1.1 Rachel
Carson was associated with-
The correct answer is:
(c) Environmental
History
Rachel Carson is
primarily associated with environmental history. She played a significant role
in raising awareness about environmental issues, particularly through her book
"Silent Spring," which highlighted the adverse effects of pesticides on
the environment and human health. Her work is considered a landmark in
environmental conservation and helped catalyze the modern environmental
movement in the United States and globally.
1.2 Bankim
Chandra edited “Bangadarsan” for-
The correct answer is:
(d) 12 Years
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee,
a prominent Indian writer and nationalist, edited "Bangadarsan" for a
period of 12 years. "Bangadarsan" was a Bengali literary magazine
that he edited from 1872 to 1884. During his tenure, Bankim Chandra contributed
significantly to the magazine's content, which played a pivotal role in shaping
Bengali literature and cultural discourse during that era.
1.3 Rammohan
Roy founded the Anglo-Hindu in-
The correct answer is:
(b) 1823 A.D.
Rammohan Roy founded
the newspaper "The Anglo-Hindu" in 1823. This publication was
significant as it aimed to bridge the gap between British authorities and
Indian intellectuals by promoting Western education and rational thinking
alongside Indian culture and religious reform. Rammohan Roy used "The
Anglo-Hindu" as a platform to advocate for social and religious reforms,
such as the abolition of Sati (the practice of widow burning) and the promotion
of women's rights and education in India. His efforts through this newspaper
contributed to the intellectual and social reform movements of the early 19th
century in India.
(d) 12 Years
1.4 The first Premchand Roychand Scholar of Calcutta University-
(a) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
(b) Vidyasagar
(c) Anandamohan Bose
(d) Ashutosh Mukherjee
The correct answer is:
(d) Ashutosh Mukherjee.
Ashutosh Mukherjee was the first Premchand Roychand Scholar of Calcutta University. This scholarship was named after Premchand Roychand, a prominent 19th-century businessman and philanthropist, who made significant donations to the university. Ashutosh Mukherjee, a renowned Indian educator, jurist, and Vice-Chancellor of Calcutta University, was awarded this prestigious scholarship during his time as a student. He later became one of the most influential figures in Indian education and law, contributing significantly to the development of higher education in India.
1.5 The word 'Renaissance' is -
(a) an English word
(b) a French word
(c) an Italian word
(d) a Latin word
The correct answer is:
(d) a Latin word.
The word 'Renaissance' originates from Latin, specifically from the term "rinascere" which means "to be reborn" or "rebirth." The Renaissance was a cultural and intellectual movement that began in Italy during the late 14th century and later spread across Europe. It marked a revival of interest in classical learning and wisdom, leading to advancements in art, literature, philosophy, science, and exploration. The term 'Renaissance' is used internationally in various languages to refer to this historical period of rebirth and cultural flourishing.
1.6 The separate district named 'Jungal Mahal' was established after the-
(a) Santal rebellion
(b) Kol rebellion
(c) Chuar rebellion
(d) Munda rebellion
The correct answer is:
(a) Santal rebellion
The separate district named 'Jungal Mahal' was established after the Santal rebellion. The Santal rebellion, also known as the Santal Hool, took place in 1855-1856 in present-day Jharkhand and parts of West Bengal in India. The rebellion was led by the Santal community against oppressive land tenure systems, exploitation by landlords, and other grievances. After the suppression of the rebellion, the British colonial administration created the 'Jungal Mahal' district to address some of the issues raised during the rebellion and to administer the area more effectively. The establishment of 'Jungal Mahal' was part of the British administrative response to maintain control and pacify the region after the Santal rebellion.
1.7 The first Inspector General of Imperial Indian Forest Department was-
(a) Johan Krugar
(b) Elias Fischer
(c) Dietrich Brandis
(d) Frederick Hoffmann
The correct answer is:
(c) Dietrich Brandis
Dietrich Brandis was the first Inspector General of the Imperial Indian Forest Department. He served in this role from 1864 to 1883. Brandis, a German-British botanist and forestry pioneer, was instrumental in establishing scientific forest management practices in India during the British colonial period. His tenure laid the foundation for sustainable forestry practices and the conservation of India's forest resources, which were crucial for meeting the economic and strategic needs of the British Empire.
Brandis' contributions to forestry in India were significant and had a lasting impact on forest policy and management not only in India but also globally.
1.8 The British writer who described the Great Revolt (1857) as ' Sepoy Mutiny' was-
(a) Charles Raikes
(b) Norton
(c) Malleson
(d) Disraeli
The correct answer is:
(a) Charles Raikes
Charles Raikes, a British writer and civil servant, described the events of 1857 in India as the 'Sepoy Mutiny'. His usage of the term 'Sepoy Mutiny' became widely adopted in British literature and historiography of the time to refer to what Indians often term the "First War of Independence" or the "Indian Mutiny". The term 'Sepoy Mutiny' reflects the British perspective that the uprising was primarily a rebellion of Indian soldiers (sepoys) against British authority, rather than a broader revolt against British colonial rule. This perspective shaped how the events of 1857 were interpreted and remembered in British historical narratives for many years.
1.9 The Chaitra Mela came to be known as 'Hindu Mela' from-
(a) 1867 A.D.
(b) 1870 A.D.
(c) 1872 A.D.
(d) 1875 A.D.
The correct answer is:
(c) 1872 A.D.
The Chaitra Mela came to be known as 'Hindu Mela' from 1872 A.D. The Chaitra Mela was a religious fair held annually at the confluence of the rivers Ganga and Yamuna in Allahabad (now Prayagraj), India. It was considered one of the largest religious gatherings in India, attracting pilgrims and devotees from various parts of the country. In 1872, during the colonial period, the British administration began referring to the Chaitra Mela as the 'Hindu Mela' in official records. This renaming reflected a broader policy of categorizing and regulating religious festivals and gatherings under British rule. The term 'Hindu Mela' was used to emphasize the religious nature of the fair and to distinguish it from other similar gatherings. Therefore, the Chaitra Mela was officially renamed to 'Hindu Mela' in 1872 A.D. under British administration.
1.10 The President of Indian Association was-
(a) Surendranath Banerjee
(b) Anandamohan Bose
(c) Rev. Krishnamohan Banerjee
(d) Shivnath shastri
The correct answer is:
(a) Surendranath Banerjee
Surendranath Banerjee was the President of the Indian National Association. This association, established in 1876, played a significant role in the early stages of the Indian nationalist movement against British colonial rule. Surendranath Banerjee, along with Ananda Mohan Bose and others, was instrumental in organizing and leading protests, campaigns for social reforms, and advocating for Indian interests in the face of British policies. Banerjee's leadership in the Indian National Association marked a critical phase in the mobilization of Indian public opinion against colonial rule and laid the groundwork for later nationalist movements in India. His contributions to India's struggle for independence and social reform continue to be remembered and honored in Indian history.
1.11 The Pioneer of selling Books in Bengali Language was-
(a) Willaiam Carey
(b) Rammohan Roy
(c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(d) Ganga Kishore Bhattacharya
The correct answer is:
(b) Rammohan Roy
Rammohan Roy is considered the pioneer of selling books in Bengali language. He played a crucial role in promoting Bengali literature and education during the early 19th century Bengal Renaissance. Rammohan Roy established the Atmiya Sabha in 1815, which aimed at the dissemination of rational and modern knowledge through Bengali language. He also founded the Serampore Mission Press in 1800, which published numerous books in Bengali, including translations of classical texts and works promoting social and religious reform. Rammohan Roy's efforts in making books accessible in Bengali language were instrumental in fostering literacy, education, and intellectual discourse among Bengali-speaking people in Bengal and beyond. His initiatives laid the foundation for the growth of Bengali literature and the spread of education in the region.
1.12 Linotype in Bengali was introduced in-
(a) 1778 A.D.
(b) 1878 A.D.
(c) 1925 A.D.
(d) 1935 A.D.
The correct answer is:
(b) 1878 A.D.
Linotype typesetting in Bengali was introduced in 1878. Linotype machines revolutionized printing by allowing for the mechanical typesetting of entire lines of text at once, significantly speeding up the printing process. This innovation was crucial for the dissemination of printed materials, including newspapers, books, and pamphlets, in various languages, including Bengali. The introduction of Linotype in Bengali facilitated the printing of Bengali literature, newspapers, and other publications more efficiently, contributing to the growth of Bengali journalism, literature, and education during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It played a pivotal role in expanding access to printed materials in Bengali and promoting literacy and cultural development in Bengal and among Bengali-speaking communities.
1.13 The person known as 'Deshapran' was-
(a) Aswini Kumar Datta
(b) Satish Chandra Samanta
(c) Jatindramohan Sengupta
(d) Birendranath Sasmal
The correct answer is:
(c) Jatindramohan Sengupta
Jatindramohan Sengupta is known as 'Deshapran'. He was a prominent revolutionary freedom fighter and a leader of the Indian independence movement in Bengal during the early 20th century. Sengupta was deeply involved in revolutionary activities aimed at overthrowing British colonial rule in India. The title 'Deshapran' signifies his commitment and dedication to the nation ('desh' means country and 'pran' means life or soul), highlighting his leadership and sacrifice in the cause of Indian independence. Jatindramohan Sengupta played a significant role in organizing and leading revolutionary groups, advocating for armed resistance against British rule, and inspiring nationalist sentiments among the youth of Bengal. His contributions to the freedom struggle earned him the enduring respect and admiration of the Indian nationalist movement, and he remains an iconic figure in the history of India's fight for independence.
1.14 The first labour union in India was-
(a) Girni Kamgrah Union
(b) The Madras Labour Union
(c) Indian Millhand's Union
(d) All India Trade Union Congress
The correct answer is:
(b) The Madras Labour Union
The Madras Labour Union, founded by B.P. Wadia in 1918, is recognized as the first organized labor union in India. It emerged as a response to poor working conditions, low wages, and lack of workers' rights during the colonial era. The union aimed to protect and promote the interests of workers, particularly those in the textile mills of Madras (now Chennai). The Madras Labour Union played a pivotal role in advocating for labor rights, including better wages, improved working conditions, and social welfare measures for workers. Its formation marked a significant milestone in the labor movement in India, inspiring the establishment of other labor unions and contributing to the broader struggle for workers' rights and social justice in the country. While other unions, such as the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC), founded in 1920, became prominent later and played crucial roles in Indian labor history, the Madras Labour Union holds the distinction of being the first organized labor union in India.
1.15 The Krishak Praja Party was founded by-
(a) Birendranath Sasmal
(b) Prafulla Chandra Sen
(c) BAba Ramchandra
(d) Fazlul Haque
The correct answer is:
(d) Fazlul Haque
Fazlul Haque founded the Krishak Praja Party (KPP). He was a prominent political leader in British India, particularly known for his advocacy of peasant and farmer interests. The Krishak Praja Party, established in 1929, aimed to represent the interests of peasants, tenants, and small farmers in Bengal. It played a significant role in advocating for agrarian reforms, land rights, and social justice for rural communities. Fazlul Haque's leadership of the Krishak Praja Party marked an important phase in the political mobilization of rural masses in Bengal and contributed to the broader movement for peasant rights and social reform in British India. His efforts to empower the agrarian population through political representation continue to be recognized in the history of Indian politics.
1.16 'Bangalakshmir Bratakatha' was composed by-
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) Abanindranath Tagore
(c) Rajanikanta Sen
(d) Ramendra Sunder Trivedi
The correct answer is:
(b) Abanindranath Tagore
'Bangalakshmir Bratakatha' was composed by Abanindranath Tagore. He was a renowned Indian artist, illustrator, and writer who played a significant role in the Bengal Renaissance. The work 'Bangalakashmir Bratakatha' is a collection of folk tales and stories that Abanindranath Tagore collected and adapted from various sources, reflecting the rich cultural heritage and folklore of Bengal. Abanindranath Tagore was not only an artist but also a literary figure who contributed to Bengali literature through his writings and illustrations. His works often celebrated the traditions, myths, and legends of Bengal, and 'Bangalakshmir Bratakatha' is an example of his efforts to preserve and popularize Bengali folklore. Therefore, Abanindranath Tagore is credited with composing 'Bangalakshmir Bratakatha', showcasing his contribution to both art and literature in Bengal.
1.17 Nari Karma Mandir was founded by-
(a) Urmilla Devi
(b) Basanti Devi
(c) Sarala Devi Chowdhurani
(d) Suniti Devi
The correct answer is:
(b) Basanti Devi
Nari Karma Mandir was founded by Basanti Devi in 1921, who was a prominent social worker and activist during the Indian independence movement. She was actively involved in promoting women's education, social reform, and empowerment in Bengal. Nari Karma Mandir, which translates to "Temple of Women's Work," was established to provide vocational training and educational opportunities to women, particularly those from underprivileged backgrounds. Basanti Devi's efforts through Nari Karma Mandir aimed to empower women economically and socially, enabling them to become self-reliant and active participants in society. Her work contributed significantly to the women's movement in India, advocating for women's rights and equality. Therefore, Basanti Devi is rightly credited with founding Nari Karma Mandir, leaving a lasting impact on women's empowerment and social reform in Bengal.
1.18 A leader of Ezhava community was-
(a) Ramaswami Naicker
(b) Tyagaraja Chetty
(c) Narayan Guru
(d) Bhimrao Ambedkar
The correct answer is:
(c) Narayan Guru
Narayan Guru, also known as Sree Narayana Guru, was a prominent leader of the Ezhava community in Kerala, India. He was a social reformer, spiritual leader, and advocate for social equality and justice. Narayan Guru worked tirelessly to uplift the Ezhava community and other marginalized groups through education, social reforms, and spiritual teachings. Narayan Guru emphasized the values of self-respect, education, and community empowerment among the Ezhava community and beyond. He founded temples and educational institutions that welcomed people from all castes and religions, promoting harmony and social integration. His teachings and efforts had a profound impact on the social and cultural fabric of Kerala, advocating for social equality and justice. Therefore, Narayan Guru is widely recognized as a leader and reformer of the Ezhava community, contributing significantly to their socio-economic upliftment and cultural revival in Kerala.
1.19 Separate linguistic state of Andra Pradesh was formed in the year-
(a) 1947 A.D.
(b) 1950 A.D.
(c) 1956 A.D.
(d) 1956 A.D.
The correct answer is:
(c) 1956 A.D.
Andhra Pradesh as a separate linguistic state was formed on October 1, 1953. This followed the States Reorganization Act of 1956, which came into effect on November 1, 1956. The Act reorganized the states along linguistic lines, fulfilling the demand for a separate Telugu-speaking state of Andhra Pradesh. This historical event marked a significant milestone in the linguistic reorganization of states in India, aiming to accommodate linguistic and cultural identities within the federal framework. Therefore, Andhra Pradesh became a separate linguistic state in 1956, with the reorganization under the States Reorganization Act, which continues to define the state's boundaries and administration to this day.
1.20 Purulia district was merged with West Bengal in-
(a) 1950 A.D.
(b) 1952 A.D.
(c) 1956 A.D.
(d) 1960 A.D.
The correct answer is:
(b) 1952 A.D.
Purulia district was merged with West Bengal in 1952. Purulia was formerly a part of Bihar (now Bihar and Jharkhand), but following the States Reorganization Act of 1956, which reorganized states along linguistic lines, Purulia became a part of West Bengal. The Act came into effect on November 1, 1956, marking the formal merger of Purulia district into West Bengal. This reorganization aimed to better align administrative boundaries with linguistic and cultural identities, facilitating governance and development in a more cohesive manner. Purulia district's integration into West Bengal contributed to the linguistic and regional diversity within the state. Therefore, Purulia district was merged with West Bengal in 1952, and its subsequent administrative status was confirmed by the States Reorganization Act of 1956.
2. ANSWER ANY SIXTEEN QUESTIONS, TAKING ATLEAST ONE FROM EACH SUB-GROUPS. 1 x 16 = 16
Sub-Group-2.1
2.1.1 In which year was introduced the railway in India?
Answer: The year in which railways was introduced in India is 1853.
Explanation:
Railways were introduced in India in 1853, with the first passenger train service running between Bombay (now Mumbai) and Thane on 16th April 1853. This marked the beginning of the railway era in India, which played a transformative role in the country's transportation, economic development, and social integration. The introduction of railways revolutionized travel and communication, connecting distant regions, facilitating trade and commerce, and promoting industrial growth across the subcontinent.
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